1 Corinthians 14:31
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
1 Corinthians 14:31
31 For ye may all prophesy one by one, that all may learn, and all may be comforted.
Chapter Context
1 Corinthians 14 is a pastoral epistle chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of faith, creation, righteousness. Written during Paul's third missionary journey (c. 55 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: The church existed in a prosperous, cosmopolitan, morally permissive Roman colony.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-40: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it demonstrates God's faithfulness despite human unfaithfulness. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 1 Corinthians and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
1 Corinthians 14:31
31 For ye may all prophesy one by one, that all may learn, and all may be comforted.
Analysis
For ye may all prophesy one by one, that all may learn, and all may be comforted—Paul explains the rationale: dynasthe gar kath' hena pantes prophēteuein (δύνασθε γὰρ καθ' ἕνα πάντες προφητεύειν, "for you can all prophesy one by one"). Purpose: hina pantes manthanōsin kai pantes parakalōntai (ἵνα πάντες μανθάνωσιν καὶ πάντες παρακαλῶνται, "that all may learn and all may be encouraged").
"All" appears four times, emphasizing inclusivity: all can prophesy, all learn, all are comforted. Paul envisions widespread participation, but ordered participation: kath' hena (καθ' ἕνα, "one by one"). Sequential sharing ensures intelligibility, maximizes learning, and multiplies encouragement. Chaos prevents edification; order facilitates it. The double purpose clause (learn, comforted) recalls verse 3's three-fold effect (edification, exhortation, comfort).
Historical Context
Paul democratizes prophecy: not just leaders, but "all" can prophesy. Yet democracy doesn't mean anarchy—participation must be ordered to achieve its purpose (mutual learning and encouragement).
Reflection
- What's significant about Paul saying 'all may prophesy' rather than limiting it to leaders?
- How does 'one by one' serve the purposes of learning and comfort?
- How can modern churches recover participatory worship that's both broad and orderly?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: 1 Thessalonians 5:14